HSK 2 · Lesson 3你喜欢什么颜色? What colour do you like?
Colours and shopping: 红色的 “a red one” — the 的 phrase; doubled adjectives 高高的; the measure words 条 and 包; ten thousands — 万; 什么的 “and so on”.
Dialogues
At the mall
A present
New words
- 颜色yánsècolor; countenance; appearance
- 白色báisèwhite; fig. reactionary; anti-communist
- 黑色hēisèblack
- 红色hóngsèred (color); revolutionary
- 绿色lǜsègreen
- 裤子kùzitrousers; pants
- 条tiáostrip; item; article
- 手表shǒubiǎowristwatch
- 书包shūbāoschoolbag; satchel; bookbag
- 本子běnzibook; notebook
- 笔bǐwriting brush; writing implement (pen, pencil etc) (CL:支,枝)
- 包bāoto cover; to wrap; to hold
- 商场shāngchǎngshopping mall; shopping center; department store
- 拿náto hold; to seize; to catch
- 万wànten thousand; a great number
Grammar
1. The 的 phrase: 红色的, 我的, 新的
adjective / person + 的 (= the thing)
When it is clear what you mean, drop the noun after 的: 红色的 “a red one”, 我的 “mine”, 新的 “a new one”, 便宜一点儿的 “a cheaper one”. 有没有黑色的? “do you have black ones?”.
2. Doubled adjectives: 高高的, 高高兴兴
An adjective can be doubled for a vivid description: 高高的 “nice and tall”, 长长的 “long, long”, 大大的. Two-syllable ones double each syllable: 高兴 → 高高兴兴, 漂亮 → 漂漂亮亮. The doubled form is usually followed by 的 or 地; no 很 before it.
3. Measure words 条 and 包
条 is for long, flexible things: 一条裤子 “a pair of trousers”, 一条路 “a road”, 一条鱼 “a fish”. 包 means “a packet, a bag”: 一包茶 “a packet of tea”. It is a “borrowed” measure word, like 一杯水.
4. 万 — ten thousand
Chinese counts large numbers in ten thousands: 一万 = 10,000, 两万 = 20,000, 十万 = 100,000. 一万二 is 12,000 (just as 一百二 = 120). Before 万 and 千 “two” is 两: 两万, 两千.
5. 什么的 “and so on”
什么的 at the end of a list means “and so on, that sort of thing”: 我买了本子、笔什么的 “I bought notebooks, pens and stuff”.
Exercises
1. Listen and choose the translation
- 有没有黑色的? Yǒu méiyǒu hēisè de?
Answer
有没有黑色的? Yǒu méiyǒu hēisè de? — Do you have black ones? - 这条裤子很漂亮。 Zhè tiáo kùzi hěn piàoliang.
Answer
这条裤子很漂亮。 Zhè tiáo kùzi hěn piàoliang. — These trousers are very nice. - 一万二。 Yíwàn èr.
Answer
一万二。 Yíwàn èr. — 12 000 - 我买了本子、笔什么的。 Wǒ mǎile běnzi, bǐ shénmede.
Answer
我买了本子、笔什么的。 Wǒ mǎile běnzi, bǐ shénmede. — I bought notebooks, pens and so on.
2. Choose the missing word
- 我买了一___裤子。
Answer
条 - “I want a red one”: 我要红色___。
Answer
的 - 20 000 = ___
Answer
两万 - “The children happily go to school”: 孩子们___地去学校。
Answer
高高兴兴
3. Build the sentence
- What colour do you like?你喜欢什么颜色? Nǐ xǐhuan shénme yánsè?
Answer
你喜欢什么颜色? Nǐ xǐhuan shénme yánsè? - This bag is mine.这个书包是我的。 Zhège shūbāo shì wǒ de.
Answer
这个书包是我的。 Zhège shūbāo shì wǒ de. - Is there a cheaper one?有便宜一点儿的吗? Yǒu piányi yìdiǎnr de ma?
Answer
有便宜一点儿的吗? Yǒu piányi yìdiǎnr de ma? - Give me a packet of tea.给我一包茶。 Gěi wǒ yì bāo chá.
Answer
给我一包茶。 Gěi wǒ yì bāo chá.
4. Dialogue: you are the customer
You are speaker A. Pick the right reply and the conversation goes on.
5. Translate into Chinese
- What colour do you like best?
Answer
你最喜欢什么颜色?Nǐ zuì xǐhuan shénme yánsè? - This bag is mine, and that one is his.
Answer
这个书包是我的,那个是他的。 - This phone costs ten thousand.
Answer
这个手机一万块。Zhège shǒujī yíwàn kuài.
💡 Did you know?: Red is the colour of celebration
In China red is the colour of joy and luck: red lanterns and couplets at New Year, red envelopes with money, 红包, a red dress for the bride at a traditional wedding. On Chinese stock exchanges red shows prices going up and green going down — the opposite of Europe.
Phrase audio — Microsoft speech synthesis (voices Xiaoxiao, Yunyang, Yunxi); syllables and some words — native recordings (audio-cmn, CC BY-SA).
