HSK 四级 · 第16课第十六课 为我们的友谊干杯
能愿动词“敢”;动量词“顿”;“数词 + 形容词 + 量词”;“有的是”;固定格式“你X你的吧”“X就X(点儿)吧”。
语速:男声:
课文对话
聚餐
A
好久没见了!今天我们好好聚一聚,大家别客气,随便点。
Hǎojiǔ méi jiàn le! Jīntiān wǒmen hǎohǎo jù yi jù, dàjiā bié kèqi, suíbiàn diǎn.
Long time no see! Let’s have a proper get-together today — don’t be shy, order whatever you like.
B
那我要一大碗牛肉面,再来一份饺子。
Nà wǒ yào yí dà wǎn niúròu miàn, zài lái yí fèn jiǎozi.
Then I’ll have a big bowl of beef noodles and a portion of dumplings.
A
喝点儿什么?白酒还是葡萄酒?
Hē diǎnr shénme? Báijiǔ háishi pútaojiǔ?
What will you drink? Baijiu or wine?
B
我开车,不敢喝酒,来一杯果汁吧。
Wǒ kāichē, bù gǎn hē jiǔ, lái yì bēi guǒzhī ba.
I’m driving, I daren’t drink — a glass of juice for me.
A
好。来,为我们的友谊干杯!
Hǎo. Lái, wèi wǒmen de yǒuyì gānbēi!
OK. Come on, to our friendship!
B
干杯!……菜太多了,吃不完了。
Gānbēi! …… Cài tài duō le, chī bu wán le.
Cheers! … There’s too much food — we can’t finish it.
A
没关系,剩下的我们带走。服务员,结账!
Méi guānxi, shèngxia de wǒmen dàizǒu. Fúwùyuán, jiézhàng!
Never mind, we’ll take the rest with us. Waiter, the bill!
又吃零食
A
你又在吃零食?饼干、巧克力……晚餐还吃不吃了?
Nǐ yòu zài chī língshí? Bǐnggān, qiǎokèlì …… wǎncān hái chī bu chī le?
Snacking again? Biscuits, chocolate… are you still having dinner?
B
你吃你的吧,别管我。
Nǐ chī nǐ de ba, bié guǎn wǒ.
You just eat yours and leave me alone.
A
早餐你也只喝了一小杯酸奶。
Zǎocān nǐ yě zhǐ hēle yì xiǎo bēi suānnǎi.
For breakfast you only had a little cup of yogurt, too.
B
放心,冰箱里吃的有的是,饿不着我。
Fàngxīn, bīngxiāng li chī de yǒudeshì, è bu zháo wǒ.
Don’t worry, there’s plenty to eat in the fridge — I won’t go hungry.
A
这盒月饼一百多块,太贵了吧?
Zhè hé yuèbing yìbǎi duō kuài, tài guì le ba?
This box of mooncakes cost over a hundred yuan — isn’t that too expensive?
B
贵就贵点儿吧,中秋节一年只有一次。
Guì jiù guì diǎnr ba, Zhōngqiū Jié yì nián zhǐ yǒu yí cì.
So what if it’s a bit pricey — Mid-Autumn comes only once a year.
生词
- 白酒báijiǔbaijiu (Chinese spirit)
- 葡萄酒pútaojiǔ(grape) wine
- 果汁guǒzhīfruit juice
- 汽水qìshuǐsoda pop; carbonated soft drink
- 酸奶suānnǎiyogurt
- 饼干bǐnggānbiscuit; cracker; cookie
- 巧克力qiǎokèlì(loanword) chocolate
- 馒头mántousteamed bun
- 零食língshísnack; nibbles
- 干杯gānbēito drink a toast; Cheers! (proposing a toast); Here's to you!
- 聚餐jùcānto have a meal together
- 聚会jùhuìparty; gathering; to meet
- 聚jùto get together
- 结账jiézhàngto pay the bill
- 早餐zǎocānbreakfast
- 午餐wǔcānlunch; luncheon
- 晚餐wǎncānevening meal; dinner
- 茶叶cháyètea; tea leaves
- 月饼yuèbingmooncake (esp. for the Mid-Autumn Festival)
- 剩shèngto be left over
- 敢gǎnto dare
- 份fènportion; copy (measure word)
- 顿dùnmeasure word for meals (and scoldings)
- 袋子dàizibag, sack
- 盒子hézibox; case
- 客气kèqipolite; to stand on ceremony
- 随便suíbiànas you like; casual
语法点
1. 能愿动词“敢”
能愿动词“敢”表示有胆量做某事。
我开车,不敢喝酒。
Wǒ kāichē, bù gǎn hē jiǔ.
I’m driving — I daren’t drink.
你敢一个人去吗?
Nǐ gǎn yí ge rén qù ma?
Do you dare go on your own?
2. 量词“顿、份”
动量词“顿”用于饭食、批评等;量词“份”。
我们一天吃三顿饭。
Wǒmen yì tiān chī sān dùn fàn.
We eat three meals a day.
他被妈妈批评了一顿。
Tā bèi māma pīpíngle yí dùn.
His mum gave him a good telling-off.
3. 数词 + 形容词 + 量词
“一 + 大/小/整 + 量词”。
我要一大碗牛肉面。
Wǒ yào yí dà wǎn niúròu miàn.
I’d like a big bowl of beef noodles.
我在家睡了一整天。
Wǒ zài jiā shuìle yì zhěng tiān.
I slept at home all day long.
4. “有的是”
“有的是”表示很多,用于口语。
别着急,我们有的是时间。
Bié zháojí, wǒmen yǒudeshì shíjiān.
Don’t rush — we have plenty of time.
5. 固定格式“你X你的吧”“X就X(点儿)吧”
“你X你的吧”表示让对方继续做自己的事;“X就X(点儿)吧”表示勉强接受。
你忙你的吧,我自己去。
Nǐ máng nǐ de ba, wǒ zìjǐ qù.
You carry on with your work — I’ll go myself.
远就远点儿吧,那儿的菜好吃。
Yuǎn jiù yuǎn diǎnr ba, nàr de cài hǎochī.
So it’s a bit far — the food there is good.
练习
1. 听录音,选择正确的翻译
- 周末有个聚会,你来吗? Zhōumò yǒu ge jùhuì, nǐ lái ma?
答案
周末有个聚会,你来吗? Zhōumò yǒu ge jùhuì, nǐ lái ma? — There’s a party at the weekend — are you coming? - 这是我从中国带回来的茶叶。 Zhè shì wǒ cóng Zhōngguó dài huilai de cháyè.
答案
这是我从中国带回来的茶叶。 Zhè shì wǒ cóng Zhōngguó dài huilai de cháyè. — This is tea I brought back from China. - 北方人早餐常吃馒头。 Běifāng rén zǎocān cháng chī mántou.
答案
北方人早餐常吃馒头。 Běifāng rén zǎocān cháng chī mántou. — Northerners often eat steamed buns for breakfast. - 请给我一个袋子。 Qǐng gěi wǒ yí ge dàizi.
答案
请给我一个袋子。 Qǐng gěi wǒ yí ge dàizi. — Please give me a bag.
2. 选择正确的句子或词语
- “I daren’t drink”
答案
我不敢喝酒。 - 我们一天吃三___饭。
答案
顿 - “A huge bowl of noodles”
答案
一大碗面 - “So what if it’s pricier”
答案
贵就贵点儿吧。
3. 连词成句
- To our friendship!为我们的友谊干杯! Wèi wǒmen de yǒuyì gānbēi!
答案
为我们的友谊干杯! Wèi wǒmen de yǒuyì gānbēi! - We’ll take the rest with us.剩下的我们带走。 Shèngxia de wǒmen dàizǒu.
答案
剩下的我们带走。 Shèngxia de wǒmen dàizǒu. - There’s plenty to eat in the fridge.冰箱里吃的有的是。 Bīngxiāng li chī de yǒudeshì.
答案
冰箱里吃的有的是。 Bīngxiāng li chī de yǒudeshì. - You just eat and leave me alone.你吃你的吧,别管我。 Nǐ chī nǐ de ba, bié guǎn wǒ.
答案
你吃你的吧,别管我。 Nǐ chī nǐ de ba, bié guǎn wǒ.
4. 对话:替说话人回答
你是 B。选择合适的回答,对话会继续进行。
A
今天我请客,你随便点。
Jīntiān wǒ qǐngkè, nǐ suíbiàn diǎn.
It’s my treat today — order whatever you like.
B
那就不客气了!我要一份饺子。
Nà jiù bú kèqi le! Wǒ yào yí fèn jiǎozi.
Then I won’t hold back! I’ll have a portion of dumplings.
A
要不要喝点儿酒?
Yào bu yào hē diǎnr jiǔ?
Shall we have a drink?
B
我不敢喝,明天还要上班,来一瓶汽水吧。
Wǒ bù gǎn hē, míngtiān hái yào shàngbān, lái yì píng qìshuǐ ba.
I’d better not — work tomorrow. A bottle of fizzy drink for me.
A
好。来,干杯!
Hǎo. Lái, gānbēi!
OK. Come on — cheers!
B
干杯!谢谢你请我吃这顿饭。
Gānbēi! Xièxie nǐ qǐng wǒ chī zhè dùn fàn.
Cheers! Thanks for treating me to this meal.
5. 翻译
- I’m afraid to walk alone at night.
答案
我不敢一个人走夜路。 - Don’t worry, we have plenty of time.
答案
别着急,我们有的是时间。 - I watched TV all day long.
答案
我看了一整天电视。
💡 文化小知识: 中国的饭桌文化
可结合“干杯、白酒、结账”介绍饭桌文化。
对话录音为 Microsoft 语音合成(晓晓、云扬、云希);音节和部分生词为真人录音(audio-cmn,CC BY-SA)。
